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Projective identification is a term introduced by Melanie Klein to describe the process whereby in a close relationship, as between mother and child, lovers, or therapist and patient, parts of the self may in unconscious fantasy be thought of as being forced into the other person.〔Patrick Casement, ''Further Learning from the Patient'' (London 1990) p. 177〕 While based on Freud's concept of psychological projection,〔(Projective identification )〕 projective identification represents a step beyond. In R.D. Laing's words, “The one person does not use the other merely as a hook to hang projections on. He/she strives to find in the other, or to induce the other to become, the very embodiment of projection”.〔R. D. Laing, ''Self and Others'' (Penguin 1969) p. 111〕 Feelings which can not be consciously accessed are defensively projected into another person in order to evoke the thoughts or feelings projected.〔Michael Jacobs, ''Psychodynamic Counselling in Action'' (London 2006), p. 109〕 ==Experience== Though a difficult concept for the conscious mind to come to terms with,〔Priscilla Roth, 'Projective Identification', in S. Budd/R.Rusbridger eds., ''Introducing Psychoanalysis'' (2005) p. 200〕 since its primitive nature makes its operation or interpretation seem more like magic or art than science,〔Patrick Casement, ''Further Learning from the Patient'' (London 1990) p. 8〕 projective identification is nonetheless a powerful tool of interpersonal communication. The recipient of the projection may suffer a loss of both identity and insight as they are caught up in and manipulated by the other person's fantasy.〔R. D. Laing, ''Self and Others'' (Penguin 1969) p. 37〕 One therapist, for example, describes how "I felt the progressive extrusion of his internalized mother into me, not as a theoretical construct but in actual experience. The intonation of my voice altered, became higher with the distinctly ''Ur-mutter'' quality."〔David Cooper, ''The Death of the Family'' (Penguin 1974) p. 113-4〕 If the projection can be accepted and understood, however, much insight into the projector will be obtained. Projective identification differs from simple projection in that projective identification can become a self-fulfilling prophecy, whereby a person, believing something false about another, influences or coerces that other person to carry out that precise projection.〔Polly Young-Eisendrath/Terence Dawson, ''The Cambridge Companion to Jung'' (Cambridge 1977) p. 227〕 In extreme cases, the recipient may lose any sense of their real self and become reduced to the passive carriers of outside projections, as if possessed by them.〔T. Pitt-Aikens/A. T. Ellis, ''Loss of the Good Authority'' (London 1989) p. 120 and p. 133〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Projective identification」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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